Enhanced target normal sheath acceleration with a grooved hydrocarbon target

Ion Acceleration—Target Normal Sheath Acceleration*

Energetic ions have been observed since the very first laser-plasma experiments. Their origin was found to be the charge separation of electrons heated by the laser, which transfers energy to the ions accelerated in the field. The advent of ultra-intense lasers with pulse lengths in the femtosecond regime resulted in the discovery of very energetic ions with characteristics quite different from...

Generation of heavy ion beams using femtosecond laser pulses in the target normal sheath acceleration and radiation pressure acceleration regimes

A New Modified Particle Filter With Application in Target Tracking

The particle filter (PF) is a novel technique that has sufficiently good estimation results for the nonlinear/non-Gaussian systems. However, PF is inconsistent that caused mainly by loss of particle diversity in resampling step and unknown a priori knowledge of the noise statistics. This paper introduces a new modified particle filter called adaptive unscented particle filter (AUPF) to overcome th...

A Method for Target Setting with Share Data

Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is a mathematical programming technique for evaluatingthe relative efficiency of a set of Decision Making Units (DMUs) and can also be utilized forsetting target. Target setting is one of the important subjects since according to its resultsefficiency can be increased. An important issue to be currently discussed, is to set targetwhile considering share data. The...

Atypical Pityriasis Rosea with a Target-Shape Herald Patch

Pityriasis rosea (PR) is an acute, self-limiting papulosquamous exanthem. A number of atypical variants of PR, regarding morphology and distribution of the lesions or severity of the symptoms, may be observed. Herein, we present the first case of atypical PR with hypopigmented lesions and a target-shape herald patch.